Evaluation of amrubicin as a third or later line of chemotherapy for advanced non-small cell lung cancer

Chemotherapy. 2013;59(2):99-105. doi: 10.1159/000354207. Epub 2013 Sep 10.

Abstract

Background: Currently, there are no standard cytotoxic treatments for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients beyond third-line therapy. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of amrubicin monotherapy as a salvage treatment in heavily pretreated NSCLC patients.

Methods: The records of NSCLC patients who received amrubicin monotherapy as a third or later line of chemotherapy at a Kitasato University Hospital between January 2009 and December 2012 were retrospectively reviewed. Amrubicin was administered to patients by intravenous injection at a dose of 35 or 40 mg/m(2) daily on 3 consecutive days, and cycles were repeated at 3-week intervals.

Results: There were 36 patients who met the inclusion criteria. Their median number of prior chemotherapy treatments was 4 (range 2-7), and the median number of chemotherapy cycles per patient was 4 (range 1-9). Grade 3 or 4 hematologic toxicities included neutropenia (61.1%), leukopenia (58.3%), thrombocytopenia (22.2%) and anemia (11.1%). Febrile neutropenia occurred in 8 patients (22.2%). Nonhematologic toxicities were mild. The overall response rate, median progression-free survival time and median survival time were 8.3%, 1.7 months, and 6.3 months, respectively. Progression-free survival time was the same, i.e. 1.7 months in both groups i.e. the 35- and the 40-mg/m(2)-dose groups.

Conclusion: Amrubicin exhibits modest activity and acceptable toxicity when used as a third or later line of chemotherapy for advanced NSCLC.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Anthracyclines / adverse effects
  • Anthracyclines / therapeutic use*
  • Antineoplastic Agents / adverse effects
  • Antineoplastic Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / drug therapy*
  • Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / mortality
  • Cohort Studies
  • Disease-Free Survival
  • Female
  • Hematologic Diseases / etiology
  • Humans
  • Injections, Intravenous
  • Kaplan-Meier Estimate
  • Lung Neoplasms / drug therapy*
  • Lung Neoplasms / mortality
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Neoplasm Staging
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Severity of Illness Index

Substances

  • Anthracyclines
  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • amrubicin