Synthesis and biological evaluation of 8-aminomethyltetracycline derivatives as novel antibacterial agents

J Med Chem. 2013 Oct 24;56(20):8112-38. doi: 10.1021/jm401211t. Epub 2013 Oct 3.

Abstract

The C-8 position of the tetracyclines has been largely underexplored because of limitations in traditional semisynthetic techniques. Employing a total synthetic approach allowed for modifications at the C-7 and C-8 positions, enabling the generation of structure-activity relationships for overcoming the two most common tetracycline bacterial-resistance mechanisms: ribosomal protection (tet(M)) and efflux (tet(A)). Ultimately, several compounds were identified with balanced activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, including pathogens bearing both types of tetracycline-resistance mechanisms. Compounds were screened in a murine systemic infection model to rapidly identify compounds with oral bioavailability, leading to the discovery of several compounds that exhibited efficacy when administered orally in murine pyelonephritis and pneumonia models.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / chemical synthesis*
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / chemistry
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / pharmacology*
  • Bacterial Infections / complications
  • Female
  • Gram-Negative Bacteria / drug effects
  • Gram-Negative Bacteria / growth & development
  • Gram-Positive Bacteria / drug effects
  • Gram-Positive Bacteria / growth & development
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred BALB C
  • Microbial Sensitivity Tests
  • Models, Chemical
  • Molecular Structure
  • Pneumonia / etiology
  • Pneumonia / prevention & control
  • Pyelonephritis / etiology
  • Pyelonephritis / prevention & control
  • Structure-Activity Relationship
  • Tetracycline Resistance / drug effects
  • Tetracyclines / chemical synthesis*
  • Tetracyclines / chemistry
  • Tetracyclines / pharmacology*
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Tetracyclines