Malignant mesothelioma, hypoalbuminaemia and the effect of carboplatin/pemetrexed on survival

Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol). 2013 Dec;25(12):713-8. doi: 10.1016/j.clon.2013.08.009. Epub 2013 Sep 17.

Abstract

Aims: The incidence of malignant mesothelioma in the UK is increasing. The aim of this study was to determine the prognostic factors and assess the effect of carboplatin/pemetrexed chemotherapy on survival.

Materials and methods: Cases of malignant mesothelioma diagnosed between 1998 and 2011 were stratified by year of diagnosis. Factors affecting survival were assessed by Cox's proportional hazards regression.

Results: In total, there were 202 new cases of malignant mesothelioma between 1998 and 2011. The age-standardised rate (95% confidence interval) increased from 2.84 (2.06-3.60) to 4.44 (3.50-5.4); P = 0.025. Chemotherapy use has increased since 2006: 52% versus 34% (P = 0.007). The median survival (interquartile range) by year diagnosed was 9 (4.0-21.9) versus 10 (3.8-20.1) months for 1998-2005 versus 2006-2011. Independent predictors of survival [hazard ratio (95% confidence interval)] were: histology, sarcomatoid 2.22 (1.49-3.31) and unspecified non-epithelioid 1.50 (1.06-2.14); Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status ≥3 2.86 (1.64-5.00); hypoalbuminaemia 2.07 (1.47-2.92), carboplatin/pemetrexed chemotherapy 0.56 (0.38-0.80).

Conclusion: The incidence of mesothelioma is increasing. Adverse prognostic factors include non-epithelioid histology, performance status and hypoalbuminaemia. Overall survival has not improved significantly, but treatment with carboplatin/pemetrexed chemotherapy is associated with a significant survival benefit.

Keywords: Carboplatin; ECOG performance status; hypoalbuminaemia; mesothelioma; pemetrexed; prognosis.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / adverse effects
  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / therapeutic use*
  • Carboplatin / administration & dosage
  • Carboplatin / adverse effects
  • Female
  • Glutamates / administration & dosage
  • Glutamates / adverse effects
  • Guanine / administration & dosage
  • Guanine / adverse effects
  • Guanine / analogs & derivatives
  • Humans
  • Hypoalbuminemia / blood
  • Hypoalbuminemia / physiopathology*
  • Lung Neoplasms / blood*
  • Lung Neoplasms / drug therapy*
  • Lung Neoplasms / pathology
  • Male
  • Mesothelioma / blood*
  • Mesothelioma / drug therapy*
  • Mesothelioma / pathology
  • Mesothelioma, Malignant
  • Pemetrexed
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Survival Analysis
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Glutamates
  • Pemetrexed
  • Guanine
  • Carboplatin