CD8+ T cell recognition of epitopes within the capsid of adeno-associated virus 8-based gene transfer vectors depends on vectors' genome

Mol Ther. 2014 Jan;22(1):42-51. doi: 10.1038/mt.2013.218. Epub 2013 Sep 30.

Abstract

Self-complementary adeno-associated viral (AAV) vectors expressing human factor IX (hF.IX) have achieved transient or sustained correction of hemophilia B in human volunteers. High doses of AAV2 or AAV8 vectors delivered to the liver caused in several patients an increase in transaminases accompanied by a rise in AAV capsid-specific T cells and a decrease in circulating hF.IX levels suggesting immune-mediated destruction of vector-transduced cells. Kinetics of these adverse events differed in patients receiving AAV2 or AAV8 vectors causing rise in transaminases at 3 versus 8 weeks after vector injection, respectively. To test if CD8+ T cells to AAV8 vectors, which are similar to AAV2 vectors are fully-gutted vectors and thereby fail to encode structural viral proteins, could cause damage at this late time point, we tested in a series of mouse studies how long major histocompatibility (MHC) class I epitopes within AAV8 capsid can be presented to CD8+ T cells. Our results clearly show that depending on the vectors' genome, CD8+ T cells can detect such epitopes on AAV8's capsid for up to 6 months indicating that the capsid of AAV8 degrades slowly in mice.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / immunology*
  • Capsid / immunology*
  • Capsid Proteins / immunology
  • Dependovirus / genetics
  • Dependovirus / immunology*
  • Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte
  • Genetic Vectors / genetics*
  • Genetic Vectors / immunology*
  • Genetic Vectors / standards
  • Genome*
  • Humans
  • Immunologic Memory
  • Lymphocyte Activation / immunology
  • Male
  • Mice
  • Quality Control
  • T-Cell Antigen Receptor Specificity
  • Transduction, Genetic

Substances

  • Capsid Proteins
  • Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte