Neutrophil migration: moving from zebrafish models to human autoimmunity

Immunol Rev. 2013 Nov;256(1):269-81. doi: 10.1111/imr.12124.

Abstract

There has been a resurgence of interest in the neutrophil's role in autoimmune disease. Classically considered an early responder that dies at the site of inflammation, new findings using live imaging of embryonic zebrafish and other modalities suggest that neutrophils can reverse migrate away from sites of inflammation. These 'inflammation-sensitized' neutrophils, as well as the neutrophil extracellular traps and other products made by neutrophils in general, may have many implications for autoimmunity. Here, we review what is known about the role of neutrophils in three different autoimmune diseases: rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and small vessel vasculitis. We then highlight recent findings related to several cytoskeletal regulators that guide neutrophil recruitment including Lyn, Rac2, and SHIP. Finally, we discuss how our improved understanding of the molecules that control neutrophil chemotaxis may impact our knowledge of autoimmunity.

Keywords: Lyn; Rac2; SHIP; autoimmune; migration; neutrophil.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Autoimmune Diseases / immunology
  • Autoimmunity
  • Cell Movement / physiology*
  • Humans
  • Inositol Polyphosphate 5-Phosphatases
  • Microtubules / metabolism
  • Neutrophils / physiology*
  • Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases / metabolism
  • RAC2 GTP-Binding Protein
  • Zebrafish
  • rac GTP-Binding Proteins / metabolism
  • src-Family Kinases / metabolism

Substances

  • lyn protein-tyrosine kinase
  • src-Family Kinases
  • Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases
  • Inositol Polyphosphate 5-Phosphatases
  • rac GTP-Binding Proteins