Valproate induced hyperammonemic encephalopathy successfully treated with levocarnitine

J Clin Neurosci. 2014 Apr;21(4):690-1. doi: 10.1016/j.jocn.2013.04.033. Epub 2013 Oct 8.

Abstract

Valproate-induced hyperammonemic encephalopathy is an unusual but serious adverse effect that is usually characterized by the acute onset of impaired consciousness, focal neurological symptoms and increased seizure frequency. It has been reported to occur at therapeutic valproate levels. We report a patient who developed valproate-induced hyperammonemic encephalopathy after a short treatment with valproate and was successfully treated with levocarnitine. We discuss this patient and review the literature regarding the use of levocarnitine in similar patients.

Keywords: Encephalopathy; Hyperammonemia; Levocarnitine; Valproic acid.

Publication types

  • Case Reports
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Anticonvulsants / adverse effects*
  • Anticonvulsants / therapeutic use
  • Brain Neoplasms / drug therapy
  • Brain Neoplasms / surgery
  • Diagnosis, Differential
  • Humans
  • Hyperammonemia / chemically induced*
  • Male
  • Neurotoxicity Syndromes* / diagnosis
  • Seizures / chemically induced
  • Seizures / diagnosis
  • Seizures / drug therapy
  • Valproic Acid / adverse effects*
  • Valproic Acid / therapeutic use

Substances

  • Anticonvulsants
  • Valproic Acid