Interest of contrast-enhanced sonography to identify focal nodular hyperplasia with sinusoidal dilatation

Diagn Interv Imaging. 2014 Jan;95(1):77-83. doi: 10.1016/j.diii.2013.09.002. Epub 2013 Oct 15.

Abstract

Background and aims: Focal nodular hyperplasia with major sinusoidal dilatation (FNH-sd) is a misleading entity, with some features resembling inflammatory hepatocellular adenoma (HCA). We aimed to assess the performance of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) for the diagnosis of FNH-sd.

Methods: Four histologically proven FNH-sd nodules in four patients were investigated with both MRI and CEUS imaging. Sinusoidal dilatation was focally visible in all cases in histology.

Results: In MRI, in all the four cases, lesions were hypervascular in arterial phase, with high intensity in T2-weighted sequence imaging and persistent enhancement in the delayed gadolinium-enhanced phase. These MRI features were more indicative of HCA than FNH. On the other hand, CEUS showed a very specific centrifugal filling followed by a strong, homogeneous enhancement of the whole lesion.

Conclusion: CEUS seems to be an essential step for the diagnosis of non-typical FNH, such as FNH-sd. This small series highlights the interest of performing both CEUS and MRI for the diagnosis of atypical focal liver lesions, such as FNH-sd.

Keywords: Contrast-enhanced ultrasound; Focal nodular hyperplasia; Glutamine synthetase; Inflammatory hepatocellular adenoma; Sinusoidal dilatation.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Biopsy, Needle
  • Cell Proliferation
  • Contrast Media
  • Dilatation, Pathologic / diagnostic imaging
  • Dilatation, Pathologic / pathology
  • Female
  • Focal Nodular Hyperplasia / diagnostic imaging*
  • Focal Nodular Hyperplasia / pathology
  • Hepatocytes / pathology
  • Humans
  • Image Enhancement
  • Incidental Findings
  • Liver / blood supply*
  • Liver / diagnostic imaging
  • Liver / pathology
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • Middle Aged
  • Phospholipids
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Sensitivity and Specificity
  • Sulfur Hexafluoride
  • Ultrasonography, Interventional

Substances

  • Contrast Media
  • Phospholipids
  • contrast agent BR1
  • Sulfur Hexafluoride