The role of adjuvant radiotherapy in the local management of desmoplastic melanoma

Cancer. 2014 May 1;120(9):1361-8. doi: 10.1002/cncr.28415. Epub 2013 Oct 18.

Abstract

Background: In the current study, the authors sought to evaluate outcomes, specifically with respect to adjuvant radiotherapy (RT), for patients with desmoplastic melanoma.

Methods: The records of 130 consecutive patients who presented between 1985 and 2009 with nonmetastatic desmoplastic melanoma and were treated curatively with either surgery alone (59 patients; 45%) or surgery and postoperative RT (71 patients; 55%) were retrospectively reviewed. Ages ranged from 21 years to 97 years (median age, 66 years). The location of the primary tumor was in the head and neck region in 62% of patients. Only 5 patients (4%) had lymph node involvement at the time of presentation.

Results: The median follow-up was 6.6 years (range, 11 months-24 years). Overall survival rates at 5 years and 10 years were 69% and 53%, respectively. Disease-specific survival rates were 84% and 80%, respectively, at 5 years and 10 years. The actuarial rate of local recurrence was 17% at 5 years and beyond. Of the patients who underwent surgery without receiving postoperative RT, 14 (24%) experienced local recurrence. Of the 71 patients treated with surgery and postoperative RT, 5 (7%) experienced local recurrence. In a Cox multivariate regression model, improved local control was significantly associated with the receipt of postoperative RT (P= .009).

Conclusions: Surgery followed by postoperative RT appears to provide superior local control compared with surgery alone for patients with desmoplastic melanoma.

Keywords: adjuvant irradiation; desmoplastic melanoma; local control; perineural invasion; prognostic factors.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Head and Neck Neoplasms / radiotherapy*
  • Head and Neck Neoplasms / surgery
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Melanoma / pathology
  • Melanoma / radiotherapy*
  • Melanoma / surgery
  • Middle Aged
  • Radiotherapy, Adjuvant
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Skin Neoplasms / pathology
  • Skin Neoplasms / radiotherapy*
  • Skin Neoplasms / surgery
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Young Adult