Topography of sensory symptoms in patients with drug-naïve restless legs syndrome

Sleep Med. 2013 Dec;14(12):1369-74. doi: 10.1016/j.sleep.2013.09.006. Epub 2013 Sep 30.

Abstract

Objectives: We aimed to describe the sensory topography of restless legs syndrome (RLS) sensory symptoms and to identify the relationship between topography and clinical variables.

Methods: Eighty adult patients with drug-naïve RLS who had symptoms for more than 1year were consecutively recruited. During face-to-face interviews using a structured paper and pencil questionnaire with all participants, we obtained clinical information and also marked the topography of RLS sensory symptoms on a specified body template, all of which were subsequently inputted into our in-house software. The RLS sensory topography patterns were classified according to localization, lateralization, and symmetry. We investigated if these sensory topography patterns differed according to various clinical variables.

Results: The lower extremities only (LE) were the most common location (72.5%), and 76.3% of participants exhibited symmetric sensory topography. Late-onset RLS showed more asymmetric sensory distribution compared with early-onset RLS (P=.024). Patients whose sensory symptoms involved the lower extremities in addition to other body parts (LE-PLUS) showed more severe RLS compared with those involving the LE (P=.037).

Conclusion: RLS sensory symptoms typically were symmetrically located in the lower extremities. LE-PLUS or an asymmetric distribution more often occurred in patients with more severe RLS symptoms or late-onset RLS.

Keywords: Localization; Restless legs syndrome; Sensory symptoms; Severity; Symmetry; Topography.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Afferent Pathways / physiopathology*
  • Arm / innervation*
  • Arm / physiopathology*
  • Asian People
  • Female
  • Functional Laterality / physiology
  • Humans
  • Leg / innervation*
  • Leg / physiopathology*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Prospective Studies
  • Restless Legs Syndrome / diagnosis
  • Restless Legs Syndrome / physiopathology*
  • Self Report
  • Severity of Illness Index
  • Sleep / physiology
  • Surveys and Questionnaires