Clinical neurogenetics: fragile x-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome

Neurol Clin. 2013 Nov;31(4):1073-84. doi: 10.1016/j.ncl.2013.04.008. Epub 2013 May 18.

Abstract

This article summarizes the clinical findings, genetics, pathophysiology, and treatment of fragile X-associated tremor ataxia syndrome. The disorder occurs from a CGG repeat (55-200) expansion in the fragile X mental retardation 1 gene. It manifests clinically in kinetic tremor, gait ataxia, and executive dysfunction, usually in older men who carry the genetic abnormality. The disorder has distinct radiographic and pathologic findings. Symptomatic treatment is beneficial in some patients. The inheritance is X-linked and family members may be at risk for other fragile X-associated disorders. This information is useful to neurologists, general practitioners, and geneticists.

Keywords: Ataxia; Fragile X mental retardation 1 gene; Fragile X syndrome.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Cerebellar Diseases / diagnosis
  • Cerebellar Diseases / genetics
  • Cerebellar Diseases / pathology
  • Female
  • Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein / genetics
  • Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein / metabolism
  • Humans
  • Male

Substances

  • FMR1 protein, human
  • Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein