Lack of herd immunity against measles in individuals aged <35 years could explain re-emergence of measles in Catalonia (Spain)

Int J Infect Dis. 2014 Jan:18:81-3. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2013.09.015. Epub 2013 Oct 29.

Abstract

Objectives: The objective of this study was to assess the association between lack of herd immunity in some population groups and the re-emergence of measles in Catalonia in 2006.

Methods: Herd immunity was considered established in the different population groups when the prevalence of positive serological results to measles was higher than the herd immunity threshold of 90%. The Chi-square test and the odds ratio were used to assess the association between lack of herd immunity and measles cases in the outbreak of 2006-2007.

Results: Herd immunity was not established against measles in individuals aged 0-14 years and 25-34 years, as the prevalence of positive serological results was <90% in these groups. In the measles outbreak of 2006-2007, 91% of cases occurred in age groups without herd immunity, and only 9% of cases occurred in age groups with herd immunity (p<0.001). The odds ratio for the association between lack of herd immunity and measles cases in the outbreak of 2006-2007 was 104 (p<0.001).

Conclusion: Lack of herd immunity in individuals aged<35 years could be one of the factors underlying the re-emergence of measles in Catalonia.

Keywords: Herd immunity; Measles elimination; Measles outbreaks; Prevention; Seroepidemiology.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Disease Outbreaks*
  • Humans
  • Immunity, Herd*
  • Infant
  • Measles / epidemiology*
  • Measles / immunology
  • Measles / prevention & control
  • Measles Vaccine / therapeutic use
  • Prevalence
  • Spain / epidemiology
  • Vaccination / statistics & numerical data
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Measles Vaccine