Exogenous auxin alleviates cadmium toxicity in Arabidopsis thaliana by stimulating synthesis of hemicellulose 1 and increasing the cadmium fixation capacity of root cell walls

J Hazard Mater. 2013 Dec 15:263 Pt 2:398-403. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2013.09.018. Epub 2013 Sep 17.

Abstract

Auxin is involved in not only plant physiological and developmental processes but also plant responses to abiotic stresses. In this study, cadmium (Cd(2+)) stress decreased the endogenous auxin level, whereas exogenous auxin (α-naphthaleneacetic acid, NAA, a permeable auxin analog) reduced shoot Cd(2+) concentration and rescued Cd(2+)-induced chlorosis in Arabidopsis thaliana. Under Cd(2+) stress conditions, NAA increased Cd(2+) retention in the roots and most Cd(2+) in the roots was fixed in hemicellulose 1 of the cell wall. NAA treatment did not affect pectin content and its binding capacity for Cd(2+), whereas it significantly increased the content of hemicellulose 1 and the amount of Cd(2+) retained in it. There were highly significant correlations between Cd(2+) concentrations in the root, cell wall and hemicellulose 1 when the plants were subjected to Cd(2+) or NAA+Cd(2+) treatment for 1 to 7d, suggesting that the increase in hemicellulose 1 contributes greatly to the fixation of Cd(2+) in the cell wall. Taken together, these results demonstrate that auxin-induced alleviation of Cd(2+) toxicity in Arabidopsis is mediated through increasing hemicellulose 1 content and Cd(2+) fixation in the root, thus reducing the translocation of Cd(2+) from roots to shoots.

Keywords: Arabidopsis; Auxin; Cd(2+) stress; Cell wall; Hemicellulose 1; Root.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Arabidopsis / drug effects*
  • Arabidopsis / metabolism
  • Cadmium / analysis*
  • Cadmium / chemistry
  • Cadmium / toxicity
  • Cell Wall / drug effects
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Plant
  • Indoleacetic Acids / chemistry*
  • Plant Roots / drug effects*
  • Plant Roots / metabolism
  • Plant Shoots / drug effects*
  • Plant Shoots / metabolism
  • Polysaccharides / chemistry*
  • Stress, Physiological
  • Uronic Acids / chemistry

Substances

  • Indoleacetic Acids
  • Polysaccharides
  • Uronic Acids
  • Cadmium
  • hemicellulose