Is palivizumab effective as a prophylaxis of respiratory syncytial virus infections in cystic fibrosis patients? A meta-analysis

Allergol Immunopathol (Madr). 2015 May-Jun;43(3):298-303. doi: 10.1016/j.aller.2013.09.003. Epub 2013 Nov 11.

Abstract

Background: Infections by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) are more severe in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF), and many CF units use palivizumab as prophylaxis; however, information about palivizumab efficacy in CF patients is almost lacking.

Methods: A literature search up to December 2012 on the morbidity of RSV bronchiolitis in CF patients and on the safety and efficacy of palivizumab in those patients was performed. A random-effects meta-analysis was conducted for those studies meeting pre-specified search criteria. Historical controls were allowed.

Results: The number of patients who received palivizumab was 354 and the hospital admission rate was 0.018 (95% CI 0.0077-0.048). The corresponding number in the non-treated groups was 463 patients with an admission rate of 0.126 (95% CI 0.086-0.182) (Q=13.9; p<0.001).

Conclusion: Palivizumab may have a role in the prevention of severe lower airway infection by RSV in CF patients.

Keywords: Admission rate; Bronchiolitis; Cystic fibrosis; Palivizumab; Prophylaxis; Respiratory syncytial virus.

Publication types

  • Meta-Analysis
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Antiviral Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Cystic Fibrosis / complications
  • Cystic Fibrosis / drug therapy*
  • Hospitalization
  • Humans
  • Palivizumab / therapeutic use*
  • Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
  • Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections / etiology
  • Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections / prevention & control*
  • Respiratory Syncytial Viruses / immunology*

Substances

  • Antiviral Agents
  • Palivizumab