Magnetic resonance imaging of perianal fistulas

Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am. 2014 Feb;22(1):113-23. doi: 10.1016/j.mric.2013.07.008.

Abstract

Perianal fistulization is the result of a chronic inflammation of the perianal tissues. A wide spectrum of clinical manifestations, ranging from simple to complex fistulas, can be seen, the latter especially in patients with Crohn disease. Failure to detect secondary tracks and hidden abscesses may lead to therapeutic failure, such as insufficient response to medical treatment and relapse after surgery. Currently, magnetic resonance (MR) imaging is the preferred technique for evaluating perianal fistulas and associated complications. Initially used most often in the preoperative setting, MR imaging now also plays an important role in evaluating the response to medical therapy.

Keywords: Crohn disease; Fistula; MR imaging; Perianal.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Anal Canal / pathology*
  • Enteritis / complications*
  • Enteritis / pathology*
  • Enteritis / prevention & control
  • Humans
  • Image Enhancement / methods*
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging / methods*
  • Preoperative Care / methods
  • Rectal Fistula / etiology*
  • Rectal Fistula / pathology*
  • Rectal Fistula / surgery