Chemotherapy versus self-expanding metal stent as primary treatment of severe dysphagia from unresectable oesophageal or gastro-oesophageal junction cancer

Dig Liver Dis. 2014 Mar;46(3):283-6. doi: 10.1016/j.dld.2013.10.012. Epub 2013 Nov 20.

Abstract

Objective: To compare chemotherapy first (group 1) versus self-expanding metal stent first (group 2) for the management of malignant dysphagia in unresectable oesophageal or gastro-oesophageal junction cancer.

Methods: Patients from two university hospitals with severe malignant dysphagia (dysphagia score ≥ 2) uneligible for surgery or radiochemotherapy were evaluated retrospectively.

Results: Forty-two patients were included in group 1, and 29 in group 2. After 4 weeks, dysphagia scores improved by at least 1 point in 67% of patients in group 1 versus 93% in group 2 (p=0.01); 48% of patients in group 1 were able to eat solid food versus 68% in group 2 (p=0.054). In group 1, a self-expanding metal stent was secondarily placed in 18 patients (42.9%), whereas in group 2 dysphagia required a second self-expanding metal stent placement in 33.3% of patients.

Conclusion: Chemotherapy as the first treatment may be a valid option, avoiding self-expanding metal stent insertion in half of the patients.

Keywords: Chemotherapy; Dysphagia; Oesophageal neoplasms; Stents.

MeSH terms

  • Adenocarcinoma / complications
  • Adenocarcinoma / pathology
  • Adenocarcinoma / therapy*
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / therapeutic use*
  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / complications
  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / pathology
  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / therapy*
  • Cisplatin / administration & dosage
  • Cisplatin / therapeutic use
  • Deglutition Disorders / etiology
  • Deglutition Disorders / therapy*
  • Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal*
  • Esophageal Neoplasms / complications
  • Esophageal Neoplasms / pathology
  • Esophageal Neoplasms / therapy*
  • Esophageal Stenosis / etiology
  • Esophageal Stenosis / therapy
  • Esophagogastric Junction*
  • Esophagoscopy
  • Female
  • Fluorouracil / administration & dosage
  • Fluorouracil / therapeutic use
  • Gastroscopy
  • Humans
  • Leucovorin / administration & dosage
  • Leucovorin / therapeutic use
  • Male
  • Metals
  • Middle Aged
  • Organoplatinum Compounds / therapeutic use
  • Palliative Care
  • Quality of Life
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Severity of Illness Index
  • Stents*

Substances

  • Metals
  • Organoplatinum Compounds
  • Cisplatin
  • Leucovorin
  • Fluorouracil

Supplementary concepts

  • Folfox protocol
  • HLFP regimen