Visceral disease in castration-resistant prostate cancer

Eur Urol. 2014 Feb;65(2):270-273. doi: 10.1016/j.eururo.2013.10.055. Epub 2013 Nov 22.

Abstract

Metastatic involvement of the viscera in men with advanced castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) has been poorly characterised to date. In 359 CRPC patients treated between June 2003 and December 2011, the frequency of radiologically detected visceral metastases before death was 32%. Of the 92 patients with computed tomography performed within 3 mo of death, 49% had visceral metastases. Visceral metastases most commonly involved the liver (20%) and lung (13%). Median survival from diagnosis of visceral disease was 7.1 mo (95% confidence interval, 5.9-8.3). Survival was affected by the degree of bone involvement at detection of visceral disease, varying from 6.1 mo in men with more than six bone metastases to 18.2 mo in men with no bone metastases (p=0.001). Heterogeneity was noted in clinical phenotypes and prostate-specific antigen trends at development of visceral metastases. Visceral metastases are now more commonly detected in men with CRPC, likely due to the introduction of novel survival-prolonging treatments.

Publication types

  • Letter
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Antineoplastic Agents / therapeutic use
  • Bone Neoplasms / blood
  • Bone Neoplasms / diagnostic imaging
  • Bone Neoplasms / drug therapy
  • Bone Neoplasms / mortality
  • Bone Neoplasms / secondary*
  • Humans
  • Kallikreins / blood
  • Kaplan-Meier Estimate
  • Liver Neoplasms / blood
  • Liver Neoplasms / diagnostic imaging
  • Liver Neoplasms / drug therapy
  • Liver Neoplasms / mortality
  • Liver Neoplasms / secondary*
  • Lung Neoplasms / blood
  • Lung Neoplasms / diagnostic imaging
  • Lung Neoplasms / drug therapy
  • Lung Neoplasms / mortality
  • Lung Neoplasms / secondary*
  • Male
  • Phenotype
  • Proportional Hazards Models
  • Prostate-Specific Antigen / blood
  • Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant / blood
  • Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant / diagnostic imaging
  • Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant / drug therapy
  • Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant / mortality
  • Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant / pathology*
  • Risk Factors
  • Time Factors
  • Tomography, X-Ray Computed
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • KLK3 protein, human
  • Kallikreins
  • Prostate-Specific Antigen