GSK-3β inhibition attenuates LPS-induced death but aggravates radiation-induced death via down-regulation of IL-6

Cell Physiol Biochem. 2013;32(6):1720-8. doi: 10.1159/000356606. Epub 2013 Dec 13.

Abstract

Background: Exposure of high dose ionizing radiation is lethal. Signal pathways involved in radiation biology reaction still remain illdefined. Lipopolysaccharides (LPS), the ligands of Toll-like receptor 4(TLR4), could elicit strong immune responses. Glycogen synthase kinase-3β(GSK-3β) promotes the production of inflammatory molecules and cell migration. Inhibition of GSK-3β provides protection against inflammation in animal models. The aim of the study was to investigate role of GSK-3β in LPS shock and ionizing radiation.

Methods: WT or IL-6(-/-)mice or cells were pretreated with SB216763, a GSK-3β inhibitor, and survival of the mice was determined. Cell viability was assayed by Cell Counting Kit. Apoptosis was assayed by Annexin V-PI double staining. Serum concentrations of IL-6 and TNF-α were determined by ELISA.

Results: SB216763 attenuated LPS induced mice or cell death but aggravated radiation induced mice or cell death. SB216763 reduced IL-6, but not TNF-α levels in vivo. IL-6(-/-) mice were more resistant to LPS-induced death but less resistant to radiation-induced death than wild type mice.

Conclusions: Inhibition of GSK-3β conferred resistance to LPS shock but fostered death induced by ionizing radiation. Inhibition of GSK-3β was effective by reducing IL-6.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Apoptosis / drug effects
  • Apoptosis / radiation effects
  • Cell Line
  • Cell Survival / drug effects
  • Cell Survival / radiation effects
  • Down-Regulation / drug effects
  • Down-Regulation / radiation effects
  • Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 / antagonists & inhibitors*
  • Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 / metabolism
  • Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta
  • Indoles / pharmacology
  • Interleukin-6 / blood
  • Interleukin-6 / genetics
  • Interleukin-6 / metabolism*
  • Lipopolysaccharides / toxicity
  • Maleimides / pharmacology
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred C57BL
  • Mice, Knockout
  • Radiation, Ionizing
  • Signal Transduction / drug effects
  • Signal Transduction / radiation effects
  • Survival Rate
  • Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / blood

Substances

  • Indoles
  • Interleukin-6
  • Lipopolysaccharides
  • Maleimides
  • SB 216763
  • Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
  • Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta
  • Gsk3b protein, mouse
  • Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3