Prevalence of depression symptoms and serum levels of interleukin-6 in hemodialysis patients

Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2014 Apr;68(4):275-82. doi: 10.1111/pcn.12130. Epub 2013 Dec 25.

Abstract

Aim: In hemodialysis patients, depression appears as the most common psychopathological condition. States of advanced chronic kidney disease and dialysis are associated with a state of chronic inflammation. Depression has been linked to activation of the immune system characterized by high levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines. In this study, we investigated the possible correlations between depression, and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in hemodialysis patients.

Methods: Seventy-five hemodialysis patients were enrolled in a cross-sectional study from September to November 2011 in Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul. Demographic data were obtained from a questionnaire and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) was used to determine the presence or absence of depression symptoms. Biochemical parameters, dialysisdosage delivery, and IL-6 serum levels were measured.

Results: Prevalence of depression among hemodialysis patients was 48% (BDI ≥ 14). In biochemical assessments, depressed patients showed a decrease in urea (P = 0.01) and increase of IL-6 (P = 0.04) levels. The correlation analysis between BDI scores and the biochemical variables showed that BDI was negatively correlated with urea (P = 0.03) and potassium (P = 0.04), but not with IL-6 levels.

Conclusion: Hemodialysis patients with depression showed higher levels of IL-6 but the severity of depressive symptoms was not correlated with levels of this cytokine.

Keywords: biochemical markers; depressive symptoms; end-stage renal disease; hemodialysis; interleukin-6.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Depression / blood
  • Depression / epidemiology*
  • Depression / psychology
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Interleukin-6 / blood*
  • Kidney Failure, Chronic / blood
  • Kidney Failure, Chronic / psychology
  • Kidney Failure, Chronic / therapy*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Prevalence
  • Renal Dialysis / psychology*
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Interleukin-6