βIII-tubulin overexpression is an independent predictor of prostate cancer progression tightly linked to ERG fusion status and PTEN deletion

Am J Pathol. 2014 Mar;184(3):609-17. doi: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2013.11.007. Epub 2013 Dec 28.

Abstract

Evidence suggests that class III β-tubulin (βIII-tubulin) may represent a prognostic and predictive molecular marker in prostate cancer. βIII-Tubulin expression was determined by IHC in 8179 prostate cancer specimens in a TMA format. Results were compared with tumor phenotype, biochemical recurrence, v-ets avian erythroblastosis virus E26 oncogene homolog (ERG) status, and deletions on PTEN, 3p13, 5q21, and 6q15. βIII-Tubulin expression was detectable in 25.6% of 8179 interpretable cancers. High βIII-tubulin expression was strongly associated with both TMPRSS2:ERG rearrangement and ERG expression (P < 0.0001 each). High βIII-tubulin expression was tightly linked to high Gleason grade, advanced pT stage, and early prostate-specific antigen (PSA) recurrence in all cancers (P < 0.0001 each), but also in the subgroups of ERG-negative and ERG-positive cancers. When all tumors were analyzed, the prognostic role of βIII-tubulin expression was independent of Gleason grade, pT stage, pN stage, surgical margin status, and preoperative PSA. Independent prognostic value became even more evident if the analysis was limited to preoperatively available features, such as biopsy specimen Gleason grade, preoperative PSA, cT stage, and βIII-tubulin expression (P < 0.0001 each). βIII-Tubulin expression was associated with PTEN (P < 0.0001) when all tumors were analyzed, but also in the subgroups of ERG-negative and ERG-positive cancers. βIII-Tubulin expression is an independent prognostic parameter. The significant associations with key genomic alterations of prostate cancer, such as TMPRSS2:ERG fusions and PTEN deletions, suggest interactions with several pivotal pathways involved in prostate cancer.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Biomarkers, Tumor / genetics*
  • Biomarkers, Tumor / metabolism
  • Disease Progression
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Neoplasm Grading
  • Neoplasm Recurrence, Local
  • Oncogene Proteins, Fusion / genetics
  • Oncogene Proteins, Fusion / metabolism
  • PTEN Phosphohydrolase / genetics
  • PTEN Phosphohydrolase / metabolism*
  • Phenotype
  • Prognosis
  • Prostate-Specific Antigen / metabolism
  • Prostatectomy
  • Prostatic Neoplasms / genetics*
  • Prostatic Neoplasms / metabolism
  • Prostatic Neoplasms / pathology
  • Sequence Deletion
  • Serine Endopeptidases / genetics
  • Serine Endopeptidases / metabolism
  • Tissue Array Analysis
  • Trans-Activators / genetics
  • Trans-Activators / metabolism*
  • Transcriptional Regulator ERG
  • Tubulin / genetics*
  • Tubulin / metabolism

Substances

  • Biomarkers, Tumor
  • ERG protein, human
  • Oncogene Proteins, Fusion
  • Trans-Activators
  • Transcriptional Regulator ERG
  • Tubulin
  • PTEN Phosphohydrolase
  • PTEN protein, human
  • Serine Endopeptidases
  • TMPRSS2 protein, human
  • Prostate-Specific Antigen