End-stage renal disease after liver transplantation in patients with pre-transplant chronic kidney disease

Clin Transplant. 2014 Feb;28(2):205-10. doi: 10.1111/ctr.12298. Epub 2014 Jan 2.

Abstract

Renal dysfunction prior to liver transplantation has a marked impact on post-transplant kidney outcomes.

Aim: The aim of this study was to assess post-transplant renal function in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) receiving orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) alone.

Methods: Retrospective review of 40 OLT recipients with pre-transplant CKD (serum creatinine ≥2 mg/dL for at least three months) at the University of Pennsylvania from February 2002 to July 2010. Primary outcome was estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) up to three years post-transplant. Secondary outcomes included incidence of stage 4 CKD (eGFR < 30 mL/min), need for renal replacement therapy (RRT), meeting criteria for kidney transplant listing (eGFR ≤ 20 mL/min), and mortality.

Results: Median patient age was 56.5 yr and 48% patients had pre-transplant diabetes. Median serum creatinine at transplant was 2.7 mg/dL (eGFR = 24 mL/min). Median eGFR at one, two, and three yr post-transplant was 35, 34, and 37 mL/min, respectively. Twelve patients (30%) required RRT at a median of 1.21 yr post-transplant and 16 (40%) achieved an eGFR ≤ 20 mL/min at 1.09 yr post-transplant. Mortality was 35% at a median of 1.60 years post-transplant.

Conclusions: OLT recipients with pre-transplant CKD have a substantial burden of post-transplant renal dysfunction and high short-term mortality, questioning the rationale for OLT alone in this population.

Keywords: kidney dysfunction; liver transplantation; renal insufficiency.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Glomerular Filtration Rate
  • Humans
  • Kidney Failure, Chronic / etiology*
  • Kidney Failure, Chronic / mortality
  • Kidney Failure, Chronic / physiopathology
  • Kidney Function Tests
  • Liver Diseases / physiopathology
  • Liver Diseases / surgery*
  • Liver Transplantation / adverse effects*
  • Liver Transplantation / mortality
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Prognosis
  • Prospective Studies
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Factors
  • Survival Rate