The problematic Soave cuff in Hirschsprung disease: manifestations and treatment

J Pediatr Surg. 2014 Jan;49(1):77-80; discussion 80-1. doi: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2013.09.034. Epub 2013 Oct 5.

Abstract

Purpose: Following a Soave pull-through for Hirschsprung disease (HD), some children struggle with obstructive symptoms. We hypothesized that these symptoms could result from a functional obstruction of the pull through caused by the Soave cuff, and that cuff resection might improve bowel emptying.

Methods: We reviewed patients referred to our center from 2008 to 2012 with obstructive problems following a Soave pull-through for HD (CCHMC IRB # 2011-2019). Only patients with an obstructing Soave cuff were analyzed. Patients with other reasons for obstruction (anastomotic stricture, transition zone, aganglionic segment) were excluded.

Results: Thirty-six patients underwent reoperation at our center for obstructive symptoms after an initial Soave pull-through. Seventeen of these patients had a Soave cuff only as the potential source of obstruction. Pre-operative symptoms included enterocolitis (10), constipation (6), and failure to thrive (1). Nine patients (53%) required irrigations to manage distension or enterocolitis pre-operatively. 14/17 patients (82%) had a palpable cuff on rectal exam. Eight patients (47%) had radiographic evidence of a cuff demonstrated by distal narrowing (4) or a prominent presacral space (4). Four children (23%) underwent excision of the cuff only. Thirteen (76%) had removal of the cuff and proximally dilated colon [(average length 7.2cm) (12 performed transanally, and five needed laparotomy as well.)] Post-operatively, episodes of enterocolitis were reduced to zero, and need for irrigation to treat distension was reduced by 50%. Nine patients have voluntary bowel movements, and five are clean on enemas. 3/6 patients with pre-operative constipation or impaction now empty without enemas. (Follow up 1-17months, mean 7months.)

Conclusions: Recurrent enterocolitis, constipation, or failure to thrive can indicate a functional obstruction due to a Soave cuff when no other pathologic cause exists. Physical exam or contrast enema can identify a problematic cuff. Reoperation with cuff resection can dramatically improve bowel emptying.

Keywords: Colorectal; Enterocolitis; Hirschsprung disease; Redo surgery; Soave cuff; Soave procedure; Transanal.

MeSH terms

  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Colon / surgery
  • Constipation / etiology
  • Constipation / therapy
  • Enema
  • Enterocolitis / etiology
  • Failure to Thrive / etiology
  • Female
  • Hirschsprung Disease / complications
  • Hirschsprung Disease / surgery*
  • Humans
  • Infant
  • Intestinal Obstruction / etiology*
  • Intestinal Obstruction / surgery
  • Male
  • Muscle Contraction
  • Muscle, Smooth / surgery*
  • Postoperative Complications / etiology*
  • Postoperative Complications / surgery
  • Rectum / surgery*
  • Reoperation
  • Retrospective Studies