Effects of two lipid lowering therapies on immune responses in hyperlipidemic subjects

Life Sci. 2014 Mar 11;98(2):83-7. doi: 10.1016/j.lfs.2014.01.001. Epub 2014 Jan 18.

Abstract

Aims: To compare the effects of two of the most effective lipid-lowering therapies with similar LDL-cholesterol reduction capacity on the innate and adaptive immune responses through the evaluation of autoantibodies anti-oxidized LDL (anti-oxLDL Abs) and electronegative LDL [LDL(-)] levels.

Main methods: We performed a prospective, randomized, open label study, with parallel arms and blinded endpoints. One hundred and twelve subjects completed the study protocol and received rosuvastatin 40 mg or ezetimibe/simvastatin 10/40 mg for 12 weeks. Lipids, apolipoproteins, LDL(-), and anti-oxLDL Abs (IgG) were assayed at baseline and end of study.

Key findings: Main clinical and laboratory characteristics were comparable at baseline. Lipid modifications were similar in both treatment arms, however, a significant raise in anti-oxLDL Abs levels was observed in subjects treated with rosuvastatin (p=0.026 vs. baseline), but not in those receiving simvastatin/ezetimibe. (p=0.233 vs. baseline), thus suggesting modulation of adaptive immunity by a potent statin. Titers of LDL(-) were not modified by the treatments.

Significance: Considering atherosclerosis as an immune disease, this study adds new information, showing that under similar LDL-cholesterol reduction, the choice of lipid-lowering therapy can differently modulate adaptive immune responses.

Keywords: Dyslipidemia; Electronegative low-density lipoprotein; Ezetimibe; Oxidized LDL; Statins.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial
  • Randomized Controlled Trial
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Antibodies / blood
  • Antibodies / metabolism*
  • Azetidines / pharmacology
  • Azetidines / therapeutic use*
  • Cholesterol, LDL / blood
  • Ezetimibe
  • Fluorobenzenes / pharmacology
  • Fluorobenzenes / therapeutic use*
  • HLA-D Antigens / immunology
  • Humans
  • Hyperlipidemias / drug therapy*
  • Hyperlipidemias / immunology*
  • Hypolipidemic Agents / pharmacology
  • Hypolipidemic Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Immune System / drug effects
  • Pyrimidines / pharmacology
  • Pyrimidines / therapeutic use*
  • Rosuvastatin Calcium
  • Sulfonamides / pharmacology
  • Sulfonamides / therapeutic use*

Substances

  • Antibodies
  • Azetidines
  • Cholesterol, LDL
  • Fluorobenzenes
  • HLA-D Antigens
  • Hypolipidemic Agents
  • Pyrimidines
  • Sulfonamides
  • Rosuvastatin Calcium
  • Ezetimibe