Frequency and predictors of non-compliance to dietary recommendations among hypertensive patients

J Community Health. 2014 Aug;39(4):732-6. doi: 10.1007/s10900-014-9819-9.

Abstract

Compliance to dietary recommendations among hypertensive people is a major health care issue. Non-compliance can nullify the effects of even the most scientific and optimum treatment plan. The main aim of this study was to determine the frequency and predictors of non-adherence in our region. We also investigated the possible factors based on patient opinions that could increase compliance. A sample of 400 adult patients, diagnosed with hypertension for at least 3 years, who visited Civil Hospital during the time period April-June 2013 were included in this cross sectional study. Patient data and opinions were collected by two trained interviewers using a pre-coded questionnaire. Compliance was assessed based on patients self report. More than three quarters (n = 310, 77.5%) of the hypertensive patients were non-compliant. More than one social gathering in a week, peer-influence, no friends to follow the recommended diet plan and lack of believe regarding diet as an effective measure to control blood pressure were found to be the significant predictors of non-compliance (P values <0.0001). Counseling was thought to be the most effective way by the patients to increase adherence. Non-compliance to dietary recommendations is a major problem prevalent especially in Pakistan. There is an urgent need for doctors and nurses to counsel their patients effectively to prevent future morbidities and mortalities because of non-compliance.

MeSH terms

  • Age Factors
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Diet / standards*
  • Educational Status
  • Female
  • Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice*
  • Humans
  • Hypertension / complications
  • Hypertension / diet therapy*
  • Hypertension / prevention & control
  • Interviews as Topic
  • Male
  • Marital Status
  • Middle Aged
  • Pakistan
  • Patient Compliance / psychology*
  • Patient Compliance / statistics & numerical data
  • Risk Factors
  • Social Behavior