During the Han-Tang Dynasties, prescriptions containing Radix Salviae Miltiorrhiza were mainly applied for treating itching, sores, woman's diseases before and after delivery, pediatrical cold and fever diseases, convulsion, bi-syndrome in the lumbar region and lower extremities, abdominal distension and rumbling, and loss of appetite. There was a gap of difference between these indications and those of the modern age. By analyzing these differences on a social and academic background, it is claimed that the difference might be due to the disease spectrum, development of medical academy at different levels, and the way of thinking in medicinal application. Aside from the elimination of individual indication no longer extant due to its inferior clinical recognition, most indications appeared in the Han-Tang Dynasties are convincing. This is worthy of attention in clinical and academic research works.