Pioneering axons regulate neuronal polarization in the developing cerebral cortex

Neuron. 2014 Feb 19;81(4):814-29. doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2013.12.015.

Abstract

The polarization of neurons, which mainly includes the differentiation of axons and dendrites, is regulated by cell-autonomous and non-cell-autonomous factors. In the developing central nervous system, neuronal development occurs in a heterogeneous environment that also comprises extracellular matrices, radial glial cells, and neurons. Although many cell-autonomous factors that affect neuronal polarization have been identified, the microenvironmental cues involved in neuronal polarization remain largely unknown. Here, we show that neuronal polarization occurs in a microenvironment in the lower intermediate zone, where the cell adhesion molecule transient axonal glycoprotein-1 (TAG-1) is expressed in cortical efferent axons. The immature neurites of multipolar cells closely contact TAG-1-positive axons and generate axons. Inhibition of TAG-1-mediated cell-to-cell interaction or its downstream kinase Lyn impairs neuronal polarization. These results show that the TAG-1-mediated cell-to-cell interaction between the unpolarized multipolar cells and the pioneering axons regulates the polarization of multipolar cells partly through Lyn kinase and Rac1.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Axons / metabolism*
  • Cell Adhesion Molecules, Neuronal / metabolism
  • Cell Differentiation / physiology
  • Cerebral Cortex / cytology
  • Cerebral Cortex / growth & development*
  • Cerebral Cortex / metabolism
  • Contactin 2 / metabolism*
  • Dendrites / metabolism
  • Mice
  • Neurogenesis / physiology
  • Neuropeptides / metabolism*
  • rac1 GTP-Binding Protein / metabolism*
  • src-Family Kinases / metabolism*

Substances

  • Cell Adhesion Molecules, Neuronal
  • Contactin 2
  • Neuropeptides
  • Rac1 protein, mouse
  • lyn protein-tyrosine kinase
  • src-Family Kinases
  • rac1 GTP-Binding Protein