Standardizing radiation dose reporting in the pediatric cardiac catheterization laboratory-a multicenter study by the CCISC (Congenital Cardiovascular Interventional Study Consortium)

Catheter Cardiovasc Interv. 2014 Nov 1;84(5):785-93. doi: 10.1002/ccd.25467. Epub 2014 Mar 18.

Abstract

Objectives: We examine normalized air Kerma area product (PKA ) by body weight (PKA /BW) as a reference value of radiation dose and benchmark PKA /BW in pediatric laboratories using a multicenter registry database.

Background: Reduction of radiation dose is an important quality improvement task in pediatric cardiac catheterization laboratories. Physicians need to agree on a standard method of reporting radiation dose that would allow comparisons to be made between operators and institutions.

Methods: This was a multicenter observational study of radiation dose in pediatric laboratories. Patient demographic, procedural and radiation data including fluoroscopic time and PKA (µGy m(2) ) were analyzed. PKA /BW was obtained by indexing PKA to body weight.

Results: A total of 8,267 pediatric catheterization procedures (age <18 years) were included from 16 institutions. The procedures consisted of diagnostic (n = 2,827), transplant right ventricular (RV) biopsy (n = 1,172), and interventional catheterizations (n = 4268). PKA correlated with body weight better than with age and best correlated with weight-fluoroscopic time product. PKA /BW showed consistent values across pediatric ages. Interventional catheterizations had the highest PKA /BW (50th, 75th, and 90th percentiles: 72, 151, and 281 μGy m(2) /kg), followed by diagnostic (59, 105, and 175 μGy m(2) /kg) and transplant RV biopsy (27, 79, and 114 μGy m(2) /kg).

Conclusion: PKA /BW appeared to be the most reliable standard to report radiation dose across all procedure types and patient age. We recommend PKA /BW to be used as the standard unit in documenting radiation usage in pediatric laboratories and can be used to evaluate strategies to lower radiation dosage in pediatric patients undergoing cardiac catheterizations. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Keywords: air Kerma area product; body weight; multicenter study; pediatric cardiac catheterization laboratory; radiation dose.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Multicenter Study
  • Observational Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Age Factors
  • Cardiac Catheterization / standards*
  • Cardiology Service, Hospital
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Fluoroscopy / adverse effects
  • Fluoroscopy / methods
  • Humans
  • Infant
  • Laboratories, Hospital
  • Patient Safety
  • Pediatrics / methods
  • Radiation Dosage*
  • Radiation Protection / standards*
  • Radiography, Interventional / standards*
  • Registries
  • Risk Assessment
  • Statistics, Nonparametric
  • Time Factors