Role of minimal residual disease and chimerism after reduced-intensity and myeloablative allo-transplantation in acute myeloid leukemia and high-risk myelodysplastic syndrome

Leuk Res. 2014 May;38(5):551-6. doi: 10.1016/j.leukres.2014.02.001. Epub 2014 Feb 10.

Abstract

We evaluated the impact of detection of minimal residual disease by flow cytometry (FCMRD) and CD3 chimerism in relapse in a cohort of 87 patients with acute myeloid leukemia or myelodysplastic syndrome undergoing stem cell transplantation. Patients with a positive FCMRD at day +100 after transplantation showed higher relapse rates and worse overall survival. In multivariate analysis, a positive FCMRD after transplantation was a significant predictor of relapse. Mixed chimerism showed a trend to statistical signification. We conclude that FCMRD at day 100 after SCT is the best predictor of relapse after SCT in patients with aggressive myeloid malignancies.

Keywords: Acute myeloid leukemia; Allogeneic stem cell transplantation; Chimerism; Minimal residual disease; Myelodysplastic syndrome; Relapse.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • CD3 Complex / genetics
  • Female
  • Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation*
  • Humans
  • Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / mortality*
  • Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / therapy
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Myelodysplastic Syndromes / mortality*
  • Myelodysplastic Syndromes / therapy
  • Neoplasm, Residual / diagnosis*
  • Recurrence
  • Risk Factors
  • Transplantation Chimera / immunology*
  • Transplantation, Homologous

Substances

  • CD3 Complex