Concussion management in the wilderness

Head trauma accounts for a significant number of injuries in the wilderness setting. Concussions are possible sequelae of falls or encounters with unforeseen obstacles. Although not immediately life-threatening, concussions can be a source of significant short- and long-term morbidity. Diagnosis of a concussion in the wilderness may be challenging as symptoms can often be confused with other conditions, such as altitude illness and hyponatremia. Successful management depends on accurate diagnosis and determination of the severity of symptoms so that appropriate decisions regarding treatment and need for evacuation can be made.