Alemtuzumab with corticosteroid minimization for pediatric deceased donor renal transplantation: a seven-yr experience

Pediatr Transplant. 2014 Jun;18(4):363-8. doi: 10.1111/petr.12253. Epub 2014 Apr 9.

Abstract

Alemtuzumab is a monoclonal antibody targeting CD52 receptors on B and T lymphocytes and is an effective induction agent in pediatric renal transplantation. We report a seven-yr experience using alemtuzumab induction and steroid-free protocol in the pediatric population as safe and effective. Twenty-one pediatric deceased donor renal transplants were performed at a single academic institution. All received induction with single-dose alemtuzumab and were maintained on a steroid-free protocol using TAC and MMF immunosuppression. There were 15 males and six females in the study whose ages ranged from one to 19 yr. The average follow-up was 32 months (range from 12 to 78.2 months and median 33.7 ± 23.7 months). All patients had immediate graft function. Graft survival was 95%, and patient survival was 100%. Mean 12 and 36 months eGFR were 63.33 ± 21.01 and 59.90 ± 15.27 mL/min/1.73m(2), respectively. Three patients developed acute T-cell-mediated rejection due to non-adherence while no recipients developed cytomegalovirus infection, PTLD, or polyoma BK viral nephropathy. Steroid avoidance with single-dose alemtuzumab induction provides adequate and safe immunosuppression in pediatric deceased donor renal transplant recipients receiving TAC and low-dose MMF maintenance therapy.

Keywords: children; growth; induction; monoclonal antibody; steroid withdrawal.

Publication types

  • Evaluation Study

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adrenal Cortex Hormones / therapeutic use
  • Alemtuzumab
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized / therapeutic use*
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Drug Administration Schedule
  • Drug Therapy, Combination
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Graft Rejection / prevention & control*
  • Graft Survival
  • Humans
  • Immunosuppressive Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Induction Chemotherapy
  • Kaplan-Meier Estimate
  • Kidney Failure, Chronic / surgery*
  • Kidney Transplantation* / mortality
  • Maintenance Chemotherapy
  • Male
  • Mycophenolic Acid / analogs & derivatives
  • Mycophenolic Acid / therapeutic use
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Survival Rate
  • Tacrolimus / therapeutic use
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Adrenal Cortex Hormones
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized
  • Immunosuppressive Agents
  • Alemtuzumab
  • Mycophenolic Acid
  • Tacrolimus