High-dose versus standard-dose radiotherapy with concurrent chemotherapy in stages II-III esophageal cancer

Jpn J Clin Oncol. 2014 Jun;44(6):534-40. doi: 10.1093/jjco/hyu047. Epub 2014 Apr 24.

Abstract

Objective: In this study, we investigated the effects of radiotherapy ≥60 Gy in the setting of concurrent chemo-radiotherapy for treating patients with Stages II-III esophageal cancer.

Methods: A total of 126 patients treated with 5-fluorouracilbased concurrent chemo-radiotherapy between January 1998 and February 2008 were retrospectively reviewed. Among these patients, 49 received a total radiation dose of <60 Gy (standard-dose group), while 77 received a total radiation dose of ≥60 Gy (high-dose group). The median doses in the standard- and high-dose groups were 54 Gy (range, 45-59.4 Gy) and 63 Gy (range, 60-81 Gy), respectively.

Results: The high-dose group showed significantly improved locoregional control (2-year locoregional control rate, 69 versus 32%, P < 0.01) and progression-free survival (2-year progression-free survival, 47 versus 20%, P = 0.01) than the standard-dose group. Median overall survival in the high- and the standard-dose groups was 28 and 18 months, respectively (P = 0.26). In multivariate analysis, 60 Gy or higher radiotherapy was a significant prognostic factor for improved locoregional control, progression-free survival and overall survival. No significant differences were found in frequencies of late radiation pneumonitis, post-treatment esophageal stricture or treatment-related mortality between the two groups.

Conclusions: High-dose radiotherapy of 60 Gy or higher with concurrent chemotherapy improved locoregional control and progression-free survival without a significant increase of in treatment-related toxicity in patients with Stages II-III esophageal cancer. Our study could provide the basis for future randomized clinical trials.

Keywords: chemotherapy; concurrent chemo-radiotherapy; esophageal cancer; radiotherapy.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / therapeutic use*
  • Chemoradiotherapy* / adverse effects
  • Chemoradiotherapy* / methods
  • Cisplatin / administration & dosage
  • Disease-Free Survival
  • Docetaxel
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation
  • Drug Administration Schedule
  • Esophageal Neoplasms / drug therapy*
  • Esophageal Neoplasms / pathology
  • Esophageal Neoplasms / radiotherapy*
  • Esophageal Stenosis / etiology
  • Female
  • Fluorouracil / administration & dosage
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Humans
  • Incidence
  • Kaplan-Meier Estimate
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Neoplasm Staging
  • Platinum Compounds / administration & dosage
  • Prognosis
  • Radiation Pneumonitis / etiology
  • Radiotherapy Dosage
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Factors
  • Taxoids / administration & dosage
  • Treatment Failure
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Platinum Compounds
  • Taxoids
  • Docetaxel
  • Cisplatin
  • Fluorouracil