Antiviral resistance in influenza viruses: laboratory testing

Clin Lab Med. 2014 Jun;34(2):387-408. doi: 10.1016/j.cll.2014.02.010. Epub 2014 Apr 12.

Abstract

Influenza continues to be a significant health care issue. Although vaccination is the major line of defense, antiviral drugs play an important role in prophylaxis and disease management. Approved drugs for influenza are currently limited to those that target the viral matrix protein or neuraminidase enzyme. Resistance-associated sequence changes in the genes encoding these proteins have been extensively studied. Available methods for genotypic and phenotypic antiviral susceptibility testing have expanded and are being further developed and improved. The sporadic emergence of drug-resistant variants and the global spread of resistant strains have demonstrated the ongoing need for vigilant testing and surveillance.

Keywords: Inhibition assays; Matrix gene; Neuraminidase; Pyrosequencing.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Antiviral Agents / pharmacology*
  • Antiviral Agents / therapeutic use
  • Drug Resistance, Viral / genetics*
  • Humans
  • Influenza, Human / drug therapy
  • Influenza, Human / virology*
  • Neuraminidase / genetics
  • Orthomyxoviridae* / chemistry
  • Orthomyxoviridae* / drug effects
  • Orthomyxoviridae* / genetics

Substances

  • Antiviral Agents
  • Neuraminidase