The antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities of the essential oil of Satureja montana ssp. pisidica from two localities (mountains Korab and Galicica) were studied. Forty-nine components were identified in the each sample. Oxygenated monoterpene hydrocarbons were the major compounds: carvacrol, thymol, carvacrol methyl ether and beta-linalool. Both tested essential oils showed very high and similar antimicrobial activity. Minimal inhibitory concentrations ranged from 12.5 microg/mL against S. epidermidis to 50 microg/mL against P. aeruginosa and C. albicans. The cytotoxic effect of the essential oils was tested against MDA-MB-361, MDA-MB-453, HeLa, LS174 and MRC5 cells. The essential oil from Korab demonstrated significantly better results than the oil from Galicica, particularly against HeLa and MDA-MB-453 cell lines, with IC50 values of 63.5 and 72.3 microg/mL, while the oil from Galicica was the most active on the human epithelial cervical cancer HeLa cells (IC50 99.7 microg/mL).