Pediatric ambulatory anesthesia

David A August; Lucinda L Everett

doi:10.1016/j.anclin.2014.02.002

Pediatric ambulatory anesthesia

Anesthesiol Clin. 2014 Jun;32(2):411-29. doi: 10.1016/j.anclin.2014.02.002. Epub 2014 Apr 18.

Authors

David A August¹, Lucinda L Everett²

Affiliations

¹ Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, GRB-444, Boston, MA 02114, USA. Electronic address: [email protected].
² Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, GRB-415, Boston, MA 02114, USA.

PMID: 24882128
DOI: 10.1016/j.anclin.2014.02.002

Abstract

Pediatric patients often undergo anesthesia for ambulatory procedures. This article discusses several common preoperative dilemmas, including whether to postpone anesthesia when a child has an upper respiratory infection, whether to test young women for pregnancy, which children require overnight admission for apnea monitoring, and the effectiveness of nonpharmacological techniques for reducing anxiety. Medication issues covered include the risks of anesthetic agents in children with undiagnosed weakness, the use of remifentanil for tracheal intubation, and perioperative dosing of rectal acetaminophen. The relative merits of caudal and dorsal penile nerve block for pain after circumcision are also discussed.

Keywords: Acetaminophen; Anxiolysis; Apnea; Circumcision; Pregnancy testing; Remifentanil; Undiagnosed hypotonia; Upper respiratory infection.

Publication types

Review

MeSH terms

Adolescent
Ambulatory Surgical Procedures / adverse effects
Ambulatory Surgical Procedures / methods*
Anesthesia / adverse effects
Anesthesia / methods*
Child
Child, Preschool
Female
Humans
Infant
Infant, Newborn
Pediatrics / methods*
Pregnancy
Respiratory Tract Infections / complications
Risk Assessment