N-staging of oesophageal and junctional carcinoma: is there still a role for EUS in patients staged N0 at PET/CT?

Clin Radiol. 2014 Sep;69(9):959-64. doi: 10.1016/j.crad.2014.04.023. Epub 2014 Jun 7.

Abstract

Aim: To assess whether separate endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) lymph node (N)-staging is still of prognostic value in those staged node negative (N0) at combined positron-emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) in patients with oesophageal cancer (OC).

Materials and methods: One hundred and seventeen consecutive patients [median age 67 years; 88 male; 98 cases of adenocarcinoma, 19 cases of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)] staged as N0 at PET/CT underwent EUS to record tumour (T)- and N-stage. The patients were subsequently separated into two groups: EUS N0 (n = 78) and EUS N+ (n = 39). Survival analysis using Kaplan-Meier and Cox's proportional hazard methods was performed. Primary outcome was overall survival from diagnosis.

Results: EUS N-stage and EUS N0 versus EUS N+ (p = 0.005 and p = 0.001, respectively) were found to be significantly and independently associated with survival in two models of multivariate analysis, in patients staged N0 at PET/CT. EUS T-stage was significantly associated with survival on univariate analysis.

Conclusion: EUS N-staging still has prognostic value in patients staged N0 at PET/CT. There is a significant difference in survival between EUS N0 and positive nodal EUS status in those staged N0 at PET/CT, suggesting PET/CT is unreliable for local staging. PET/CT and EUS continue to have complimentary roles in OC staging.

MeSH terms

  • Adenocarcinoma / diagnostic imaging
  • Adenocarcinoma / mortality
  • Adenocarcinoma / pathology*
  • Aged
  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / diagnostic imaging
  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / mortality
  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / pathology*
  • Esophageal Neoplasms / diagnostic imaging
  • Esophageal Neoplasms / mortality
  • Esophageal Neoplasms / pathology*
  • Esophagogastric Junction / diagnostic imaging
  • Esophagogastric Junction / pathology*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Kaplan-Meier Estimate
  • Lymph Nodes / pathology*
  • Male
  • Neoplasm Staging
  • Positron-Emission Tomography*
  • Prognosis
  • Reproducibility of Results
  • Tomography, X-Ray Computed