Chondrogenesis of infrapatellar fat pad derived adipose stem cells in 3D printed chitosan scaffold

Ken Ye; Raed Felimban; Kathy Traianedes; Simon E Moulton; Gordon G Wallace; Johnson Chung; Anita Quigley; Peter F M Choong; Damian E Myers

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0099410

Chondrogenesis of infrapatellar fat pad derived adipose stem cells in 3D printed chitosan scaffold

PLoS One. 2014 Jun 11;9(6):e99410. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0099410. eCollection 2014.

Authors

Ken Ye¹, Raed Felimban¹, Kathy Traianedes², Simon E Moulton³, Gordon G Wallace³, Johnson Chung³, Anita Quigley², Peter F M Choong¹, Damian E Myers¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Surgery, St Vincent's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia; Department of Orthopaedics, St Vincent's Hospital, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia.
² Departments of Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, St Vincent's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia.
³ Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, University of Wollongong, ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science (ACES), Squires Way, North Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia.

Abstract

Infrapatellar fat pad adipose stem cells (IPFP-ASCs) have been shown to harbor chondrogenic potential. When combined with 3D polymeric structures, the stem cells provide a source of stem cells to engineer 3D tissues for cartilage repair. In this study, we have shown human IPFP-ASCs seeded onto 3D printed chitosan scaffolds can undergo chondrogenesis using TGFβ3 and BMP6. By week 4, a pearlescent, cartilage-like matrix had formed that penetrated the top layers of the chitosan scaffold forming a 'cap' on the scaffold. Chondrocytic morphology showed typical cells encased in extracellular matrix which stained positively with toluidine blue. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated positive staining for collagen type II and cartilage proteoglycans, as well as collagen type I. Real time PCR analysis showed up-regulation of collagen type II, aggrecan and SOX9 genes when IPFP-ASCs were stimulated by TGFβ3 and BMP6. Thus, IPFP-ASCs can successfully undergo chondrogenesis using TGFβ3 and BMP6 and the cartilage-like tissue that forms on the surface of 3D-printed chitosan scaffold may prove useful as an osteochondral graft.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Adipose Tissue / cytology*
Chitosan*
Chondrogenesis*
Humans
Patella / cytology*
Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
Stem Cells / cytology*
Tissue Scaffolds*

Substances

Chitosan

Grants and funding

This work was funded through the Australian Orthopaedics Association Research Foundation (AOA Research Foundation), Australian Research Council (ARC) and National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) Postgraduate Scholarship for author K Ye (APP1017633). The authors have no other relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript apart from those disclosed. No writing assistance was utilized in the production of this manuscript. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.