The antiviral immune response in human conventional dendritic cells is controlled by the mammalian target of rapamycin

J Leukoc Biol. 2014 Oct;96(4):579-89. doi: 10.1189/jlb.2A0114-048RR. Epub 2014 Jul 7.

Abstract

Type I and III IFNs are crucial, soluble components of potent antiviral responses. It has been explored recently that mTOR is involved in the regulation of IFN-α/β production by pDCs, albeit its role in the induction of IFN responses in cDCs remained unrevealed. In this study, we demonstrate that the PI3K/mTOR pathway is indispensable for eliciting intact type I and III IFN responses in moDCs stimulated with polyI:C. The inhibition of mTOR functionality by rapamycin impairs the pIRF3 and also a few members of the MAPK family, suggesting that mTOR contributes to the activation of multiple signaling pathways in the presence of viral antigens. Furthermore, rapamycin-treated moDCs show decreased capacity to prime IFN-γ secretion by naive CD8(+) T-lymphocytes. As in moDCs, mTOR-mediated regulation is also essential for the production of type I and III IFNs in circulating CD1c(+) DCs. To our best knowledge, these results demonstrate for the first time that mTOR has an impact on the functional activities of cDCs via modulating the outcome of IFN secretion.

Keywords: Toll-like receptor 3; interferon; signal transduction; viral.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Antigens, CD1 / metabolism
  • Antigens, Surface / genetics
  • Antigens, Surface / metabolism
  • Dendritic Cells / drug effects
  • Dendritic Cells / immunology*
  • Dendritic Cells / metabolism*
  • Gene Expression
  • Gene Expression Regulation
  • Glycoproteins / metabolism
  • Humans
  • Interferon Regulatory Factor-3 / genetics
  • Interferon Type I / genetics
  • Interferon Type I / metabolism
  • MAP Kinase Signaling System
  • Models, Biological
  • Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / metabolism
  • Poly I-C / pharmacology
  • Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / metabolism
  • Sirolimus / pharmacology
  • TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases / genetics
  • TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases / metabolism*
  • Transcriptional Activation

Substances

  • Antigens, CD1
  • Antigens, Surface
  • CD1C protein, human
  • Glycoproteins
  • IRF3 protein, human
  • Interferon Regulatory Factor-3
  • Interferon Type I
  • Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases
  • TBK1 protein, human
  • TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases
  • Poly I-C
  • Sirolimus