1 *Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama †Department of Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto ‡Department of General Medicine, Saga Medical School, Saga §Department of Hepatology, Osaka City University, Osaka ∥Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima ¶Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kochi Medical School Nankoku, Kochi #Department of Gastroenterology, Kurume University School of Medicine Kurume, Japan.