Extended-release nifedipine and the risk of intestinal obstruction: a population-based study

BMJ Open. 2014 Jul 24;4(7):e005377. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2014-005377.

Abstract

Objectives: To examine the risk of bowel obstruction in older adults during treatment with extended-release nifedipine compared with patients treated with amlodipine.

Design: Retrospective cohort study using multiple linked healthcare databases.

Setting: Ontario, Canada from 1 April 1997 to 31 December 2010.

Participants: We identified patients aged 66 years and older who started treatment with Adalat XL, an extended-release nifedipine product employing a tablet delivery system associated with mechanical bowel obstruction. For comparison, we studied patients receiving amlodipine, a long-acting calcium channel blocker that does not utilise the same delivery system and has not been implicated as a cause of bowel obstruction. Propensity score matching was used to ensure similarity of patients receiving the two drugs.

Primary outcome measure: HR for the association between extended-release nifedipine relative to amlodipine and hospitalisation for bowel obstruction during therapy.

Results: Over the 13-year study period, we identified 103 657 patients treated with extended-release nifedipine and 204 733 patients treated with amlodipine. In these two groups, 591 (0.6%) and 1185 (0.6%) of patients were hospitalised for bowel obstruction, respectively. We found no difference in the risk of bowel obstruction among patients treated with extended-release nifedipine compared with amlodipine (HR 1.09, 95% CI 0.96 to 1.24).

Conclusions: Bowel obstruction during treatment with extended-release nidefipine is rare, and the risk is not appreciably greater than that during treatment with amlodipine.

Keywords: GASTROENTEROLOGY.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Amlodipine / adverse effects*
  • Calcium Channel Blockers / adverse effects*
  • Cohort Studies
  • Delayed-Action Preparations
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Intestinal Obstruction / chemically induced*
  • Male
  • Nifedipine / adverse effects*
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Assessment

Substances

  • Calcium Channel Blockers
  • Delayed-Action Preparations
  • Amlodipine
  • Nifedipine