Molecular and computational analyses of genes involved in mannose 6-phosphate independent trafficking

Clin Genet. 2015 Aug;88(2):190-4. doi: 10.1111/cge.12469. Epub 2014 Sep 17.

Abstract

The newly-synthesized lysosomal enzymes travel to the trans-Golgi network (TGN) and are then driven to the acidic organelle. While the best-known pathway for TGN-to-endosome transport is the delivery of soluble hydrolases by the M6P receptors (MPRs), additional pathways do exist, as showed by the identification of two alternative receptors: LIMP-2, implicated in the delivery of β-glucocerebrosidase; and sortilin, involved in the transport of the sphingolipid activator proteins prosaposin and GM2AP, acid sphingomyelinase and cathepsins D and H. Disruption of the intracellular transport and delivery pathways to the lysosomes may result in lysosomal dysfunction, predictably leading to a range of clinical manifestations of lysosomal storage diseases. However, for a great percentage of patients presenting such manifestations, no condition is successfully diagnosed. To analyse if, in this group, phenotypes could be determined by impairments in the known M6P-independent receptors, we screened the genes that encode for LIMP-2 and sortilin. No pathogenic mutations were identified. Other approaches will be needed to clarify whether sortilin dysfunction may cause disease.

Keywords: LIMP-2; M6P independent trafficking; lysosomal storage diseases; sortilin.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adaptor Proteins, Vesicular Transport / genetics*
  • Adaptor Proteins, Vesicular Transport / metabolism
  • Cathepsin D / metabolism
  • Cathepsin H / metabolism
  • Glucosylceramidase / metabolism
  • Humans
  • Lysosomes
  • Mannosephosphates / metabolism*
  • Membrane Glycoproteins / genetics
  • Protein Transport / genetics*
  • Receptor, IGF Type 2 / genetics*
  • Saposins / metabolism
  • Scavenger Receptors, Class B / genetics*
  • Sphingomyelin Phosphodiesterase / metabolism
  • trans-Golgi Network / enzymology
  • trans-Golgi Network / genetics

Substances

  • Adaptor Proteins, Vesicular Transport
  • Mannosephosphates
  • Membrane Glycoproteins
  • PSAP protein, human
  • Receptor, IGF Type 2
  • SCARB1 protein, human
  • Saposins
  • Scavenger Receptors, Class B
  • mannose-6-phosphate
  • acid sphingomyelinase-1
  • Sphingomyelin Phosphodiesterase
  • Glucosylceramidase
  • CTSH protein, human
  • Cathepsin H
  • CTSD protein, human
  • Cathepsin D
  • sortilin