Medical home implementation and trends in diabetes quality measures for AN/AI primary care patients

Prim Care Diabetes. 2015 Apr;9(2):120-6. doi: 10.1016/j.pcd.2014.06.005. Epub 2014 Aug 2.

Abstract

Aims: Patient-centered medical home (PCMH) principles including provider continuity, coordination of care, and advanced access align with healthcare needs of patients with Type II diabetes mellitus (DM-II). We investigate changes in trend for DM-II quality indicators after PCMH implementation at Southcentral Foundation, a tribal health organization in Alaska.

Methods: Monthly rates of DM-II incidence, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) measurements, and service utilization were calculated from electronic health records from 1996 to 2009. We performed interrupted time series analysis to estimate changes in trend.

Results: Rates of new DM-II diagnoses were stable prior to (p=0.349) and increased after implementation (p<0.001). DM-II rates of HbA1c screening increased, though not significantly, before (p=0.058) and remained stable after implementation (p=0.969). There was non-significant increasing trend in both periods for percent with average HbA1c less than 7% (53 mmol/mol; p=0.154 and p=0.687, respectively). Number of emergency visits increased before (p<0.001) and decreased after implementation (p<0.001). Number of inpatient days decreased in both periods, but not significantly (p=0.058 and p=0.101, respectively).

Conclusions: We found positive changes in DM-II quality trends following PCMH implementation of varying strength and onset of change, as well as duration of sustained trend.

Keywords: Diabetes; Native American; Patient-centered medical home; Primary care.

Publication types

  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Alaska / epidemiology
  • Biomarkers / blood
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / blood
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / diagnosis
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / ethnology
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / therapy*
  • Emergency Service, Hospital / trends
  • Glycated Hemoglobin / metabolism
  • Health Resources / standards
  • Health Resources / trends*
  • Humans
  • Incidence
  • Indians, North American
  • Length of Stay / trends
  • Patient Admission / trends
  • Patient-Centered Care / standards
  • Patient-Centered Care / trends*
  • Predictive Value of Tests
  • Primary Health Care / standards
  • Primary Health Care / trends*
  • Program Evaluation
  • Quality Improvement / standards
  • Quality Improvement / trends*
  • Quality Indicators, Health Care / standards
  • Quality Indicators, Health Care / trends*
  • Time Factors
  • United States
  • United States Indian Health Service / standards
  • United States Indian Health Service / trends*

Substances

  • Biomarkers
  • Glycated Hemoglobin A
  • hemoglobin A1c protein, human