The life expectancy of people living with HIV has dramatically improved with the much increased access to antiretroviral therapy. Consequently, a larger number of people living with HIV are living longer and facing the increased burden of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs). NCDs and HIV infection share common epidemiologic and sociodemographic characteristics that influence their outcomes, which may be difficult to address in the relatively weak health systems of the region. Data on the prevalence and interactions of NCDs and HIV in Latin American countries remain very limited, which hinders their governments' ability to make informed decisions about health care policies. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a research agenda that will be the basis for an integrated and comprehensive health care approach to HIV and NCD comorbidities in Latin America.