Is preoperative radiotherapy suitable for all patients with primary soft tissue sarcoma of the limbs?

Eur J Surg Oncol. 2014 Dec;40(12):1648-54. doi: 10.1016/j.ejso.2014.06.014. Epub 2014 Jul 25.

Abstract

Aim: To evaluate the indications and results of preoperative radiotherapy (RT) on a series of selected patients treated at our institution with curative intent for a limb sarcoma (STS).

Patients and methods: From 05/1993 to 12/2011, 64 STS patients received preoperative RT.

Results: RT was delivered as a "limb salvage treatment" prior to surgery for the following reasons: as the preferential induction treatment in 53 patients (83%) or as a second intent (17%) after the failure of neoadjuvant systemic chemotherapy/isolated limb perfusion. Surgery was performed after RT in 54 (84%) patients and final limb salvage was performed in 98%. Musculo-cutaneous flap reconstruction was planned upfront in 44% patients, and 19% had a skin graft. Seven patients (13%) had a postoperative RT boost. Thirteen (20%) patients had grade (G) 3/4 adverse events, one after RT and 12 after surgery. At a median follow-up of 3.5 years, the 3-year actuarial overall survival (OS) and distant relapse (DR) rates were 83% and 31%, respectively. Two patients developed a local relapse and two a local progression (non-operated patients). In the multivariate analysis (MVA), histological subtype (leiomyosarcoma) and grade 3 were predictive of poorer survival. Patients with >3 month delay between the start of RT and surgery at our institution had an increased risk of DR in the MVA.

Conclusion: Induction RT should be personalised according to histological subtype, tumour site and risks-benefit ratio of preoperative radiotherapy and is best managed by a multidisciplinary surgical and oncology team in a specialist sarcoma centre.

Keywords: Chemotherapy; Extremities; Limb sarcomas; Preoperative radiotherapy; Prognosis; Surgery.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Chemotherapy, Adjuvant
  • Disease-Free Survival
  • Extremities*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Kaplan-Meier Estimate
  • Limb Salvage / methods*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Neoadjuvant Therapy / methods*
  • Neoplasm Grading
  • Patient Selection
  • Precision Medicine
  • Prognosis
  • Radiotherapy Dosage
  • Radiotherapy, Adjuvant
  • Reoperation
  • Risk Factors
  • Sarcoma / drug therapy
  • Sarcoma / mortality
  • Sarcoma / pathology
  • Sarcoma / radiotherapy*
  • Sarcoma / surgery*
  • Young Adult