Short- and long-term prognosis of previous and new-onset atrial fibrillation in ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction

Rev Esp Cardiol (Engl Ed). 2015 Jan;68(1):31-8. doi: 10.1016/j.rec.2014.03.017. Epub 2014 Aug 11.

Abstract

Introduction and objectives: The impact of atrial fibrillation on the prognosis of myocardial infarction is still the subject of debate. We analyzed the influence of previous and new-onset atrial fibrillation on in-hospital and long-term prognosis in patients with acute myocardial infarction.

Methods: Prospective study of 4284 patients with ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction. We studied all-cause in-hospital and long-term mortality (median, 7.2 years) using adjusted models.

Results: In total, 3.2% of patients had previous atrial fibrillation and 9.8% had new-onset atrial fibrillation. In general, both groups of patients had a high baseline risk profile and an increased likelihood of in-hospital complications. The crude in-hospital mortality rate was higher in patients with previous atrial fibrillation than in those with new-onset atrial fibrillation (22% vs 12%; P<.001; 30% vs 10%; P<.001). The long-term mortality rate was 11.11/100 patient-years in patients with previous atrial fibrillation and 5.35/100 patient years in those with new-onset atrial fibrillation (both groups, P<.001). New-onset fibrillation alone (odds ratio=1.55; 95% confidence interval, 1.08-2.22) was an independent predictor of in-hospital mortality. Previous atrial fibrillation (hazard ratio=1.24; 95% confidence interval, 0.94-1.64) and new-onset atrial fibrillation (hazard ratio=0.98; 95% confidence interval, 0.80-1.21) were not independent predictors of long-term mortality.

Conclusions: New-onset atrial fibrillation during hospitalization is an independent risk factor for in-hospital mortality in acute myocardial infarction.

Keywords: Atrial fibrillation; Fibrilación auricular; Infarto de miocardio; Myocardial infarction; Prognosis; Pronóstico.

Publication types

  • Observational Study

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Atrial Fibrillation / diagnosis
  • Atrial Fibrillation / epidemiology
  • Atrial Fibrillation / etiology*
  • Electrocardiography*
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Hospital Mortality / trends
  • Humans
  • Incidence
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Myocardial Infarction / complications*
  • Myocardial Infarction / diagnosis
  • Myocardial Infarction / mortality
  • Prognosis
  • Prospective Studies
  • Spain / epidemiology
  • Time Factors