Contrast-associated AKI and use of cardiovascular medications after acute coronary syndrome

Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2014 Nov 7;9(11):1840-8. doi: 10.2215/CJN.03460414. Epub 2014 Oct 15.

Abstract

Background and objectives: AKI after coronary angiography is associated with poor long-term outcomes. The relationship between contrast-associated AKI and subsequent use of prognosis-modifying cardiovascular medications is unknown.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements: A cohort study of 5911 participants 66 years of age or older with acute coronary syndrome who received a coronary angiogram in Alberta, Canada was performed between November 1, 2002, and November 30, 2008. AKI was identified according to Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes AKI criteria.

Results: In multivariable logistic regression models, compared with participants without AKI, those with stages 1 and 2-3 AKI had lower odds of subsequent use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blocker within 120 days of hospital discharge (adjusted odds ratio, 0.65; 95% confidence interval, 0.53 to 0.80 and odds ratio, 0.34; 95% confidence interval, 0.23 to 0.48, respectively). Subsequent statin and β-blockers use within 120 days of hospital discharge was significantly lower among those with stages 2-3 AKI (adjusted odds ratio, 0.44; 95% confidence interval, 0.31 to 0.64 and odds ratio, 0.46; 95% confidence interval, 0.31 to 0.66, respectively). These associations were consistently seen in patients with diabetes mellitus, heart failure, low baseline eGFR, and albuminuria; 952 participants died during subsequent follow-up after hospital discharge (mean=3.1 years). The use of each class of cardiovascular medication was associated with lower mortality, including among those who had experienced AKI.

Conclusions: Strategies to optimize the use of cardiac medications in people with AKI after coronary angiography might improve care.

Keywords: ACE inhibitors; acute renal failure; cardiovascular.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Acute Coronary Syndrome / complications
  • Acute Coronary Syndrome / drug therapy*
  • Acute Coronary Syndrome / mortality
  • Acute Kidney Injury / chemically induced*
  • Acute Kidney Injury / complications
  • Acute Kidney Injury / physiopathology
  • Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / therapeutic use
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists / therapeutic use
  • Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / therapeutic use
  • Contrast Media / adverse effects*
  • Coronary Angiography / adverse effects*
  • Coronary Angiography / methods
  • Creatinine / blood
  • Drug Prescriptions / statistics & numerical data
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Glomerular Filtration Rate
  • Hospitalization
  • Humans
  • Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors / therapeutic use
  • Male
  • Practice Patterns, Physicians'
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Survival Rate

Substances

  • Adrenergic beta-Antagonists
  • Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists
  • Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors
  • Contrast Media
  • Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors
  • Creatinine