Predicting overall survival in patients with brain metastases from esophageal cancer

Anticancer Res. 2014 Nov;34(11):6763-5.

Abstract

Aim: To identify survival predictors and develop a survival score for patients with brain metastases from esophageal cancer.

Patients and methods: In 16 patients, seven factors were analyzed including age, gender, Karnofsky performance score (KPS), time from diagnosis of esophageal cancer to irradiation, number of brain metastases, histology, and presence of extracerebral metastases.

Results: Improved survival was significantly associated with KPS≥80 (p<0.001), the presence of one brain metastasis (p=0.007), and no extra-cerebral metastases (p=0.002). These factors were included in the final score. Factor scores were calculated by dividing 6-month survival rates by 10. Total survival scores represented the sums of factor scores and were 2, 7, 10, 19 or 24 points. Six-month survival rates by score were 0%, 0%, 0%, 67% and 100%, respectively. Two groups were formed, those of patients with 2-10 points and those with 19-24 points; 6-month survival was 0% and 88%, respectively (p<0.001).

Conclusion: This new score facilitates the selection of individual therapies for patients with brain metastases from esophageal cancer.

Keywords: Esophageal cancer; brain metastases; overall survival; predictive factors; whole-brain irradiation.

MeSH terms

  • Adenocarcinoma / mortality*
  • Adenocarcinoma / radiotherapy
  • Adenocarcinoma / secondary
  • Brain Neoplasms / mortality*
  • Brain Neoplasms / radiotherapy
  • Brain Neoplasms / secondary
  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / mortality*
  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / radiotherapy
  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / secondary
  • Cranial Irradiation / mortality*
  • Esophageal Neoplasms / mortality*
  • Esophageal Neoplasms / pathology
  • Esophageal Neoplasms / radiotherapy
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Neoplasm Staging
  • Prognosis
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Survival Rate