Sodium entry through endothelial store-operated calcium entry channels: regulation by Orai1

Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2015 Feb 15;308(4):C277-88. doi: 10.1152/ajpcell.00063.2014. Epub 2014 Nov 26.

Abstract

Orai1 interacts with transient receptor potential protein of the canonical subfamily (TRPC4) and contributes to calcium selectivity of the endothelial cell store-operated calcium entry current (ISOC). Orai1 silencing increases sodium permeability and decreases membrane-associated calcium, although it is not known whether Orai1 is an important determinant of cytosolic sodium transitions. We test the hypothesis that, upon activation of store-operated calcium entry channels, Orai1 is a critical determinant of cytosolic sodium transitions. Activation of store-operated calcium entry channels transiently increased cytosolic calcium and sodium, characteristic of release from an intracellular store. The sodium response occurred more abruptly and returned to baseline more rapidly than did the transient calcium rise. Extracellular choline substitution for sodium did not inhibit the response, although 2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate and YM-58483 reduced it by ∼50%. After this transient response, cytosolic sodium continued to increase due to influx through activated store-operated calcium entry channels. The magnitude of this sustained increase in cytosolic sodium was greater when experiments were conducted in low extracellular calcium and when Orai1 expression was silenced; these two interventions were not additive, suggesting a common mechanism. 2-Aminoethoxydiphenyl borate and YM-58483 inhibited the sustained increase in cytosolic sodium, only in the presence of Orai1. These studies demonstrate that sodium permeates activated store-operated calcium entry channels, resulting in an increase in cytosolic sodium; the magnitude of this response is determined by Orai1.

Keywords: calcium release; calcium release-activated calcium current; endoplasmic reticulum; permeability; transient receptor potential protein of the canonical subfamily.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Calcium / metabolism*
  • Calcium Channels / drug effects
  • Calcium Channels / genetics
  • Calcium Channels / metabolism*
  • Cells, Cultured
  • Endothelial Cells / drug effects
  • Endothelial Cells / metabolism*
  • Kinetics
  • Membrane Potentials
  • ORAI1 Protein
  • RNA Interference
  • Rats
  • Sodium / metabolism*
  • TRPC Cation Channels / drug effects
  • TRPC Cation Channels / metabolism*
  • Transfection

Substances

  • Calcium Channels
  • ORAI1 Protein
  • Orai1 protein, rat
  • TRPC Cation Channels
  • TRPC4 ion channel
  • transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily C, member 1
  • Sodium
  • Calcium