Crystalline light chain proximal tubulopathy with chronic renal failure and silicone gel breast implants: 1 case report

Hum Pathol. 2015 Jan;46(1):165-8. doi: 10.1016/j.humpath.2014.10.008. Epub 2014 Oct 24.

Abstract

A 39-year-old female patient was admitted to explore chronic renal failure. Clinical history included silicone breast implants. Clinical examination was normal. Urinalysis revealed tubular proteinuria with Bence-Jones κ protein. Monoclonal immunoglobulin G κ and free monoclonal κ-light chains (LCs) were revealed by serum protein immunoelectrophoresis. Bone marrow aspiration with karyotype analysis and skeletal radiologic survey were normal. Kidney biopsy revealed a peculiar pattern of proximal tubular cells with hypertrophy and clarification initially diagnosed as an osmotic nephrosis. Immunofluorescence study, including immunoglobulin LCs conjugates was normal. Immunoelectron microscopy finally revealed a crystalline LC proximal tubulopathy κ. Our case presents some peculiarities: the absence of hematologic malignancy sign and the young patient's age. The silicone breast implants have been reported to be involved in the generation of monoclonal gammopathy.

Keywords: Crystalline nephropathy; Light chain proximal tubulopathy; Monoclonal gammopathy; Osmotic nephrosis; Silicone implants.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Bence Jones Protein / urine
  • Biomarkers / blood
  • Biomarkers / urine
  • Biopsy
  • Breast Implantation / adverse effects*
  • Breast Implantation / instrumentation*
  • Breast Implants / adverse effects*
  • Crystallization
  • Female
  • Fluorescent Antibody Technique
  • Humans
  • Hypertrophy
  • Immunoglobulin kappa-Chains / blood*
  • Immunoglobulin kappa-Chains / urine
  • Kidney Failure, Chronic / blood
  • Kidney Failure, Chronic / diagnosis
  • Kidney Failure, Chronic / etiology*
  • Kidney Failure, Chronic / immunology
  • Kidney Tubules, Proximal / immunology*
  • Kidney Tubules, Proximal / ultrastructure
  • Microscopy, Immunoelectron
  • Paraproteinemias / blood
  • Paraproteinemias / diagnosis
  • Paraproteinemias / etiology*
  • Paraproteinemias / immunology
  • Predictive Value of Tests
  • Prosthesis Design
  • Risk Factors
  • Silicone Gels / adverse effects*

Substances

  • Biomarkers
  • Immunoglobulin kappa-Chains
  • Silicone Gels
  • Bence Jones Protein