Unique characteristics and failure patterns of metaplastic breast cancer in contrast to invasive ductal carcinoma: a retrospective multicenter case-control study (KROG 13-07)

Clin Breast Cancer. 2015 Apr;15(2):e105-15. doi: 10.1016/j.clbc.2014.10.002. Epub 2014 Oct 12.

Abstract

Background: This retrospective study was performed to investigate the need for management modification in MBC according to evaluation of characteristics and failure patterns compared with IDC.

Patients and methods: We performed this multicenter study taking MBC and randomly assigned IDC cases matched for age (± 3 years), pathologic stage (T and N), locoregional treatment methods (surgery with or without radiation therapy), and period of treatment (± 6 months) that occurred from January 1999 to November 2011 in the 6 institutions of the Korean Radiation Oncology Group.

Results: A total of 144 female MBC patients were enrolled. The median follow-up was 51 months (range, 1-186 months). The rates of positivity for estrogen receptor (P < .001), progesterone receptor (P < .001), and HER2 (P = .007) were significantly lower in MBC patients. During follow-up, recurrence developed in 22 (15.3%) MBC and 6 (4.2%) IDC patients (P = .002). The median time to recurrence of MBC and IDC was 15 months and 24 months, respectively. Most instances of recurrence in MBC developed in the triple-negative (TN) subgroup (TN-MBC). In particular, locoregional recurrence developed exclusively in the TN-MBC subgroup. In the TN-MBC subgroup, the number of risk factors (pT2-3, N1-3) was related to significant differences in overall survival (P = .001) and recurrence-free survival (P < .001).

Conclusion: The MBC patients had a higher rate of TN, poorer differentiation, and a higher recurrence rate than did the IDC patients. Considering the unique characteristics and failure patterns, it is necessary to modify the current management guidelines for MBC.

Keywords: Case-control study; Invasive ductal carcinoma; Metaplastic breast cancer; Pattern of failure; Prognostic factor.

Publication types

  • Multicenter Study

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Biomarkers, Tumor / analysis
  • Breast Neoplasms / mortality
  • Breast Neoplasms / pathology*
  • Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast / mortality
  • Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast / pathology*
  • Case-Control Studies
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Immunohistochemistry
  • Kaplan-Meier Estimate
  • Metaplasia
  • Middle Aged
  • Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / mortality*
  • Prognosis
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Factors
  • Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms / mortality
  • Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms / pathology*
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Biomarkers, Tumor