Antiplatelet and anticoagulant drugs management before gastrointestinal endoscopy: do clinicians adhere to current guidelines?

Dig Liver Dis. 2015 Jan;47(1):45-9. doi: 10.1016/j.dld.2014.10.017. Epub 2014 Nov 1.

Abstract

Background: Managing antiplatelet and anticoagulant drugs before endoscopy may be challenging.

Aims: To assess whether the pre-endoscopic management of antiplatelet/anticoagulant drugs is adherent to current guidelines and the influence of patients' characteristics, referring physician's specialty, type of endoscopic procedure and therapeutic regimen on adherence.

Methods: Two hundred and twenty patients taking aspirin, thienopyridines or warfarin and scheduled for upper endoscopy (± biopsies), variceal band ligation, colonoscopy (± biopsies or polypectomy), were prospectively analyzed.

Results: In 109 patients (49.5%) the management of antiplatelet/anticoagulant drugs was thoroughly compliant with guidelines. Neither demographic characteristics, nor in/outpatient status, nor type of endoscopic procedure, nor physician's specialty influenced the adherence but the therapeutic regimen had a significant impact (p < 0.0001) as compliance was less likely in patients on warfarin. Unwarranted drugs withholding was more frequent before colonoscopy than upper endoscopy (p = 0.0001). Warfarin was stopped longer than recommended more frequently than aspirin (p = 0.009). The International Normalized Ratio was properly checked before endoscopy in 47.7% of patients. Among the 55 patients who withheld warfarin, the decision about bridging to low molecular weight heparin was appropriate in 21 (38.2%).

Conclusions: Compliance with guidelines is low especially in the management of warfarin, both among gastroenterologists and other physicians.

Keywords: Antithrombotic drugs; Compliance; Digestive endoscopy; Guidelines.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Anticoagulants / therapeutic use*
  • Aspirin / therapeutic use
  • Biopsy
  • Cohort Studies
  • Colonic Polyps / surgery
  • Colonoscopy / methods
  • Colonoscopy / standards
  • Endoscopy, Digestive System / methods
  • Endoscopy, Digestive System / standards
  • Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal / methods*
  • Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal / standards
  • Esophageal and Gastric Varices / surgery
  • Female
  • Gastroenterology / statistics & numerical data
  • Guideline Adherence / statistics & numerical data*
  • Humans
  • Ligation
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / therapeutic use*
  • Practice Guidelines as Topic*
  • Practice Patterns, Physicians' / statistics & numerical data
  • Preoperative Care / methods*
  • Preoperative Care / standards
  • Prospective Studies
  • Thienopyridines / therapeutic use
  • Warfarin / therapeutic use

Substances

  • Anticoagulants
  • Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors
  • Thienopyridines
  • Warfarin
  • Aspirin