1 From the Departments of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine (K.A.D.), New Haven, Connecticut; Emory School of Medicine (C.J.D.), Atlanta, Georgia; Denver Health Medical Center (C.C.B., G.J.J.), Denver, Colorado; University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine (P.M.R.), Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; East Carolina University School of Medicine (E.A.T.), Greenville, North Carolina; Alpert Medical School of Brown University (W.G.C.), Providence, Rhode Island.